WEEK 01

1. Introduction to Operating System
   For those of you who are new and want to know more about the operating system, you can listen to the explanation there. OS is used to command and run the device it has, to make it fit as desired.

2. What is Github
   A shared web hosting service for software development projects using the Git version control system and internet hosting services.

3. Basic Understanding of Virtual Machine
   With a virtual machine, you can run applications, programs, or scripts on these devices virtually as if you were using a different device

WEEK 02

1. The Importance of Cyber Security
   Organizations transmit sensitive data across networks and to other devices in the course of doing businesses, and cyber security describes the discipline dedicated to protecting that information and the systems used to process or store it.

2. C Language
   One of the advantages of the C programming language is that it is portable. C language has many compilers for almost all types of processors, so C language can be used for almost all platforms.

WEEK 03

1. File Systems in Operating System
   A file is a sequence of bits, bytes, or records whose meaning is defined by the file creator and user. Every File has a logical location where they are located for storage and retrieval.

2. Filesystem Hierarchy Standard
   A consensus on how directories should be organized and which files should be stored where, so that distributions could have a single reference point from which to work

WEEK 04

1. Static and Dynamic Libraries in Linux
   A library is a collection of pre-compiled pieces of code called functions. The library contains common functions and together, they form a package called — a library. For programmers, libraries provide reusable functions, data structures, classes and so forth.

2. Difference between Global and Local Variable
   Variable is a name assign to a storage area that the program can manipulate. A variable type determines the size and layout of the variable’s memory. It also determines the range of values which need to be stored inside that memory and nature of operations that can be applied to that variable

WEEK 05

1. Virtual Memory - Oerating System
   A computer can address more memory than the amount physically installed on the system. This extra memory is actually called virtual memory and it is a section of a hard disk that’s set up to emulate the computer’s RAM

2. Memory Allocation Management
   Memory management is the functionality of an operating system which handles or manages primary memory and moves processes back and forth between main memory and disk during execution

WEEK 06

1. Concurrency in Operating System
   Concurrency is the execution of a set of multiple instruction sequences at the same time. This occurs when there are several process threads running in parallel. These threads communicate with the other threads/processes through a concept of shared memory or through message passing

2. Get to Know Threads
   A thread is a basic unit of CPU utilization, consisting of a program counter, a stack, and a set of registers, ( and a thread ID. ). Traditional ( heavyweight ) processes have a single thread of control - There is one program counter, and one sequence of instructions that can be carried out at any given time

WEEK 07

1. Synchronization Process Operating System
   Process Synchronization is the task of coordinating the execution of processes in a way that no two processes can have access to the same shared data and resources. This can lead to the inconsistency of shared data. So the change made by one process not necessarily reflected when other processes accessed the same shared data.

2. Introduction to Semaphores
   it is basically a synchronizing tool and is accessed only through two low standard atomic operations, wait and signal designated by P(S) and V(S) respectively. In very simple words, the semaphore is a variable that can hold only a non-negative Integer value, shared between all the threads, with operations wait and signal

WEEK 08

1. Process Scheduling Operating System
   The process scheduling is the activity of the process manager that handles the removal of the running process from the CPU and the selection of another process on the basis of a particular strategy. Process scheduling is an essential part of a Multiprogramming operating systems.

2. Process State Models in Operating System
   When a process executes, it goes through a number of states. The current state of the process tells us about the current activity of the process. The state of a process may change due to events like I/O requests, synchronization of processes, process scheduling algorithms, etc. When a process is first created by the OS, it initializes the program control block for the process and the new process enters the system in Not-running state

WEEK 09

1. Difference between Firmware and Operating System
   Firmware is a piece of programming code embedded in a particular hardware. It is a modified version of the software. Firmware is equivalent to unmodified or fixed code. Operating System It is system software that operates as the foundation layer on a computer. It acts as the interface between the hardware and the end-user of the computing devices.

2. What is a bootloader?
   It is a special operating system software that loads into the working memory of a computer after start-up. For this purpose, immediately after a device starts, a bootloader is generally launched by a bootable medium like a hard drive, a CD/DVD or a USB stick.